Spatial autocorrelation estimator

The approximate-profile likelihood estimator for the spatial autocorrelation parameter from a simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) model (Li et al. 2007).

aple(x, w, digits = 3)

Source

Li, Honfei and Calder, Catherine A. and Cressie, Noel (2007). Beyond Moran's I: testing for spatial dependence based on the spatial autoregressive model. Geographical Analysis: 39(4): 357-375.

Arguments

x

Numeric vector of values, length n. This will be standardized internally with scale(x).

w

An n x n row-standardized spatial connectivity matrix. See shape2mat.

digits

Number of digits to round results to.

Value

the APLE estimate, a numeric value.

Details

The APLE is an estimate of the spatial autocorrelation parameter one would obtain from fitting an intercept-only SAR model. Note, the APLE approximation is not reliable when the number of observations is large.

See also

mc, moran_plot, lisa, sim_sar

Examples

library(sf)
data(georgia)
w <- shape2mat(georgia, "W")
x <- georgia$ICE
aple(x, w)